Dua mahasiwa Papua di Bandung sedang melakukan aksi bisu kenang Wasior Berdarah .- Franz Mapiha untuk Jubi
Jayapura, Jubi – Mengenang kembali 20 tahun Wasior Berdarah, 13 Juni 2001, dua orang mahasiwa Papua di Bandung, Jawa Barat, menggelar aksi bisu. Keduanya adalah mahasiwa aktif di Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia dan Universitas Ahmad Yani. Aksi tersebut berlangsung di depan Gedung Sate Bandung atau Kantor Gubernur Jawa Barat, dimulai dari pukul 11.00 WIB hingga 13.40 WIB.
Emanuel Iyai, salah satu mahasiswa yang menggelar aksi tersebut, mengatakan ia bersama temannya melakukan aksi bisu sebagai bentuk sikap melawan lupa atas tragedi yang memilukan itu.
Ia menceritakan, peristiwa tersebut dipicu oleh dugaan serangan dari kelompok bersenjata kepada lima anggota Brimob di Base Camp CV Vatika Papuana Perkasa (VPP) di Desa Wondiboi, Distrik Wasior dan diduga kelompok tersebut membawa lari enam pucuk senjata milik Brimob.
“Nah, lalu merespons kejadian tersebut Kapolda Papua saat itu memerintahkan pengejaran kepada kelompok yang diduga telah mencuri senjata tersebut,” katanya kepada Jubi melalui telepon selulernya.
Dalam pengejaran tersebut, kata dia, Brimob dari Biak, Jayapura dan Sorong dikirim secara massal. Lokasi pengejarannya meliputi Wasior, Serui hingga ke Nabire.
“Lalu kita tahu semua bahwa akibat dari itu, Brimob dan milter Indonesia melakukan operasi militer besar-besaran yang berdampak pada kematian empat orang Papua, 39 korban penyiksaan, satu orang korban pemerkosaan dan lima orang dihilangkan secara paksa,” ungkapnya.
Selain itu, aksi bisu tersebut juga guna memberikan kesadaran ke khalayak (masyarakat) luas atas operasi militer di sejumlah kabupaten di Papua terutama Nduga, Intan Jaya, Mimika dan Puncak.
Rekan lainnya Luis Kris mengatakan, aksi bisu itu sebagai upaya dari budaya melawan lupa yang harus dirawat dan dijaga, agar rakyat Papua sadar bahwa mereka sisa-sisa dari operasi-operasi militer, pembunuhan, penghilangan, pemerkosaan dan ekploitasi sumber daya alam.
“Sekarang memasuki 20 tahun tanpa ada penyelesaian dari negara dan otoritas yang bertanggug jawab. Kasus Wasior Berdarah ini terjadi bukti bahwa negara masih melakukan pendekatan militeristik dan tidak pernah menyelesaikan kasus-kasus pelanggaran HAM di seluruh Tanah Papua,” kata Luiz.
Menurutnya Wasior Berdarah adalah salah satu peristiwa berdarah dari banyak peristiwa seperti kasus Wamena Berdarah, Abepura Berdarah, Paniai Berdarah dan berbagai kasus pelaggaran HAM lainnya. Negara juga, kata dia, tidak mau bertanggung jawab, bisa dilihat dari beberapa kejadian contohya pengembalian berkas penyidikan dan penyelidikan dari Komnas HAM oleh Kejaksaan Agung.
“Ini adalah salah satu bukti negara tidak mau adil dan bertanggung jawab atas perbuatannya sediri,” katanya. (*)
‘Being a young, female Indonesian myself, I expected myself to celebrate Nara Masista Rakhmatia’s UN General Assembly speech. Instead, I was gravely disappointed.’
Several weeks ago, a young, female diplomat named Nara Masista Rakhmatia made a speech that dazzled the Indonesian public. In a video that went viral, she denied accusations from 7 Pacific country leaders about human rights abuse in Indonesia’s Papua province at the 71st Session of United Nations General Assembly in New York last September.
She further shamed their attempt to interfere with Indonesia’s sovereignty. The video gathered over 188 thousand views on Facebook, along with hundreds of comments from Indonesian citizens expressing how proud they are of Nara’s intelligence and bravery to ‘teach those foreign country leaders about how to respect Indonesia’—especially given her young age.
In their remarks, delegations from Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Nauru, the Marshall Islands, Tuvalu, and Tonga criticized Indonesia’s human rights records in Papua. Nara in particular argued that these sentiments were largely misplaced, given that the main agenda of the Assembly was Sustainable Development Goals and a global response to climate change.
Furthermore, she claimed, these countries needed to self-reflect upon their own domestic issues before pointing their fingers to how Indonesia handles the province’s push for self-determination.
Being a young, female Indonesian myself, I expected myself to celebrate her speech. I should have been inspired and impressed by how sharp she was. Instead, as someone who studied International Relations and currently a Public Policy student, I was gravely disappointed.
Disappointed
First of all, Nara based her entire rebuttal on the obsolete definition of the sovereignty principle. While sovereignty is a crucial foundation to the United Nations, since 2005, the international community has extended its definition under the ‘Responsibility to Protect’ commitment, which stipulates that absolute sovereignty does not hold when a government fails to protect its people.
PROTEST. An arrested Papuan pro-independence demonstrator gestures from a police truck in Jakarta on December 1, 2015, after police fired tear gas at a hundreds-strong crowd hurling rocks during a protest against Indonesian rule over the eastern region of Papua. File photo by AFP
Although the concept was developed specifically as a framework for humanitarian interventions to prevent atrocity crimes and this situation has arguably not brought us that far, this core principle stands.
In other words, should these allegations stand, it is justifiable for the international community to express their concerns about the possibility of ongoing crimes against humanity.
Therefore, it is more urgent to argue about whether Indonesia has indeed violated human rights in Papua.
The speech failed to address, for example, the progress of President Joko Widodo’s promise to investigate the killing of 4 Papuan high-school students in 2014. No reports have been made available to the public around this and other pressing matters such as killings in Wasior in 2001 and Wamena in 2003. A recent op-ed contended that these were not ordinary crimes but crimes against humanity.
Nara also did not talk about the 4,587 individuals who were arrested by the police for expressing their political views in regards with the Papua issue in 13 cities, as documented by the Jakarta Legal Aid Institute.
On top of that, she spent a lot of air time explaining how Indonesia has been a member of the United Nations Human Rights Council for significantly longer periods compared to these 6 countries. She leveraged that membership status as a validation to the country’s ‘human rights commitment’.
This is a logical fallacy. In reality, Jakarta continues to maintain restrictions for human rights organizations such as Amnesty International and International Committee of the Red Cross from entering Papua. Becoming a member of a certain council hardly proved these allegations wrong. If anything, it should become an additional reason as to why the country needs to feel embarrassed about the hypocrisy at home.
Wrong focus
Some of my friends asked me to give Nara a break. After all, she was only representing her country. If anything, such response is far from surprising and rather predictable. Throwing in phrases like ‘territorial integrity’ and ‘sovereignty’ sounds like something that any other country would do in responding to such accusations at an international stage.
PROTEST HALTED. Papuan pro-independence activists, some in traditional tribal garb, march during a rally in Jayapura. AFP PHOTO
However, the issue goes beyond this. Even if we look past the messenger, the problem in Papua still exists, and the fact that the government of Indonesian preferred not to deal with it should alert us.
Thus what added to my disappointment was how mainstream media in Indonesia covered the issue. Instead of playing its role as the ‘fourth pillar’ that criticizes the government, many news outlets practically made her a heroine by echoing the flattering Facebook comments and further highlightsing how she looks.
It seems like nationalist sentiments—fueled by an ‘external threat’ from these Pacific countries’—distracted them from addressing the elephant in the room. Except for The Jakarta Post, most news seemed to avoid highlighting these allegations and instead talked about how beautiful and brave Nara was. In effect, social media discussions regarding this event rotated primarily around unproductive debates about her physical qualities.
Although concerns regarding Papua were expressed by only 7 small Pacific countries now, how will Indonesia—represented by Nara or anyone else—respond in the future, should they come from other geopolitically more powerful countries?
President Joko Widodo’s administration must know by now that something has to be done in Papua, and it should be done immediately.
Surely, we could not just continue deflecting every question with a ‘sovereignty’ card. – Rappler.com
Andhyta Firselly Utami graduated from International Relations program at Universitas Indonesia, and is currently a Master of Public Policy candidate at Harvard Kennedy School.
Andhyta Firselly Utami